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Most Python database drivers can return data in Unicode, but usually require a little configuration. Use it like above but pass the opened file to it: from backports import csv The Python 2.7 CSV module does not support non-ASCII characters рџ©. If a UnicodeDecodeError from the read() line, then you've probably used the wrong encoding value. My_unicode_string would then be suitable for passing to Markdown. With io.open('my_utf8_file.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as my_file: You must use the correct encoding for the file - it can't be easily guessed. The io module provides a TextWrapper that decodes your file on the fly, using a given encoding. Usually non-ASCII data is received from a file. This is only necessary when you have non-ASCII in your source code. For example, if your file was encoded as 'UTF-8', you would use: # encoding: utf-8 To allow Python to decode your source code, you will need to add an encoding header to match the actual encoding of your file. If you need to bake non-ASCII into your source code, just create Unicode strings by prefixing the string with a u.

This saves you from worrying about the encoding of strings in the middle of your code. It's good practice to form a Unicode sandwich in your code, where you decode all incoming data to Unicode strings, work with Unicodes, then encode to strs on the way out. As ASCII can't contain bytes greater than 0x7F, this will throw a UnicodeDecodeError exception: In this diagram, decode() is called with ascii (which is the same as calling unicode() without an encoding given). The correct decode() is invoked and conversion to a Python Unicode is successfull: In 'Cp1252', Г© is 0ењЋ9 (which is also happens to be the Unicode point value (it's no coincidence)). In both examples, caf is just regular ascii. In the following diagram, you can see how the word cafГ© has been encoded in either 'UTF-8' or 'Cp1252' encoding depending on the terminal type. # Python will try to convert string to Unicode first # Old style format string into Unicode string # Python will try to convert value string to Unicode first # New style format string into Unicode string The following scenarios cause UnicodeDecodeError exceptions: # Explicit conversion without encoding GotchasД¬onversion from str to Unicode can happen even when you don't explicitly call unicode(). When this happens, you don't need to worry about the encoding.

Unicode strings may also come from file, databases and network modules.

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Unicode strings can be declared in your code using the u prefix to strings. The Markdown authors can't know the encoding of the incoming string so will rely on you to decode strings to Unicode strings before passing to Markdown. The Markdown module authors probably use unicode() (where the exception is thrown) as a quality gate to the rest of the code - it will convert ASCII or re-wrap existing Unicodes strings to a new Unicode string. Files and text data are always transferred in encoded strings. Strings are decoded to Unicode and Unicodes are encoded to strings. Strings contain encoded text, beit UTF-8, UTF-16, ISO-8895-1, GBK, Big5 etc. They only hold Unicode point codes and therefore can hold any Unicode point from across the entire spectrum. In brief, Unicode strings are an entirely separate type of Python string that does not contain any encoding. UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte generally happens when you try to convert a Python 2.x str that contains non-ASCII to a Unicode string without specifying the encoding of the original string. Without seeing the source it's difficult to know the root cause, so I'll have to speak generally. Unicode Zen in Python 2.x - The Long Version

Don't be tempted to use quick reload hacks.

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Fix your locale: How to solve UnicodeDecodeError in Python 3.6?.Try to convert strings to Unicode strings as soon as possible in your code.Don't assume your strings are UTF-8 encoded.In my site, Chinese post can be published successfully. In some other python-based static blog apps, Chinese post can be published successfully. Note: Markdown only accepts unicode input! UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe8 in position 1: ordinal not in range(128). ta = (page.original)ДЇile '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/wok/renderers.py', line 46, in renderДЇile '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/markdown/init.py', line 419, in markdownДЇile '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/markdown/init.py', line 281, in convert P = om_file(os.path.join(root, f), self.options, self, renderer)ДЇile '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/wok/page.py', line 111, in from_file As3:~/ngokevin-site# nano content/blog/20140114_test-chinese.mkdДЇile '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/wok/engine.py', line 104, in initДЇile '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/wok/engine.py', line 238, in load_pages